12.5. String functions

12.5.1. STR
12.5.2. REPLACE
12.5.3. SUBSTRING
12.5.4. LEFT
12.5.5. RIGHT
12.5.6. LTRIM
12.5.7. RTRIM
12.5.8. TRIM
12.5.9. LOWER
12.5.10. UPPER

These functions all operate on string expressions only, and will return an error if used on any other values. Except STR(), which converts to strings.

See also Section 8.4.4, “String operators”.

Figure 12.5. Graph


12.5.1. STR

STR returns a string representation of the expression.

Syntax: STR( expression )

Arguments:

  • expression: An expression that returns anything

Query. 

RETURN str(1)

Result

str(1)
1 row

"1"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return str(1)

12.5.2. REPLACE

REPLACE returns a string with the search string replaced by the replace string. It replaces all occurrences.

Syntax: REPLACE( original, search, replace )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string
  • search: An expression that returns a string to search for
  • replace: An expression that returns the string to replace the search string with

Query. 

RETURN replace("hello", "l", "w")

Result

replace("hello", "l", "w")
1 row

"hewwo"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return replace("hello", "l", "w")

12.5.3. SUBSTRING

SUBSTRING returns a substring of the original, with a 0-based index start and length. If length is omitted, it returns a substring from start until the end of the string.

Syntax: SUBSTRING( original, start [, length] )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string
  • start: An expression that returns a positive number
  • length: An expression that returns a positive number

Query. 

RETURN substring("hello", 1, 3), substring("hello", 2)

Result

substring("hello", 1, 3)substring("hello", 2)
1 row

"ell"

"llo"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return substring("hello", 1, 3), substring("hello", 2)

12.5.4. LEFT

LEFT returns a string containing the left n characters of the original string.

Syntax: LEFT( original, length )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string
  • n: An expression that returns a positive number

Query. 

RETURN left("hello", 3)

Result

left("hello", 3)
1 row

"hel"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return left("hello", 3)

12.5.5. RIGHT

RIGHT returns a string containing the right n characters of the original string.

Syntax: RIGHT( original, length )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string
  • n: An expression that returns a positive number

Query. 

RETURN right("hello", 3)

Result

right("hello", 3)
1 row

"llo"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return right("hello", 3)

12.5.6. LTRIM

LTRIM returns the original string with whitespace removed from the left side.

Syntax: LTRIM( original )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string

Query. 

RETURN ltrim("   hello")

Result

ltrim(" hello")
1 row

"hello"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return ltrim(" hello")

12.5.7. RTRIM

RTRIM returns the original string with whitespace removed from the right side.

Syntax: RTRIM( original )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string

Query. 

RETURN rtrim("hello   ")

Result

rtrim("hello ")
1 row

"hello"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return rtrim("hello ")

12.5.8. TRIM

TRIM returns the original string with whitespace removed from both sides.

Syntax: TRIM( original )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string

Query. 

RETURN trim("   hello   ")

Result

trim(" hello ")
1 row

"hello"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return trim(" hello ")

12.5.9. LOWER

LOWER returns the original string in lowercase.

Syntax: LOWER( original )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string

Query. 

RETURN lower("HELLO")

Result

lower("HELLO")
1 row

"hello"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return lower("HELLO")

12.5.10. UPPER

UPPER returns the original string in uppercase.

Syntax: UPPER( original )

Arguments:

  • original: An expression that returns a string

Query. 

RETURN upper("hello")

Result

upper("hello")
1 row

"HELLO"


Try this query live. create (_0 {`age`:54, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Daniel"}) create (_1:`Spouse` {`age`:41, `array`:["one", "two", "three"], `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Eskil"}) create (_2:`foo`:`bar` {`age`:38, `eyes`:"brown", `name`:"Alice"}) create (_3 {`age`:25, `eyes`:"blue", `name`:"Bob"}) create (_4 {`age`:53, `eyes`:"green", `name`:"Charlie"}) create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_3 create _2-[:`KNOWS`]->_4 create _3-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 create _3-[:`MARRIED`]->_1 create _4-[:`KNOWS`]->_0 return upper("hello")