Indexing in Neo4j can be done in two different ways:
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The database itself is a natural index consisting of its relationships of different types between nodes.
For example a tree structure can be layered on top of the data and used for index lookups performed by a traverser.
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Separate index engines can be used, with Apache Lucene being the default backend included with Neo4j.
This chapter demonstrate how to use the second type of indexing, focussing on Lucene.